Indonesia is one of the most important countries in the global fight against climate change. With over 120 million hectares of forests, forestry-based carbon projects offer a scalable and cost-effective nature-based solution to reduce emissions and generate carbon credits. In general, there are three key types of forest carbon projects:

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🌱 1. ARR (Afforestation, Reforestation, and Revegetation)

ARR projects focus on planting trees on degraded lands to restore ecosystems and absorb carbon.

• Afforestation: Planting trees on land that hasn’t had forest cover in recent history.

• Reforestation: Replanting trees in areas where forests were recently cleared.

• Revegetation: Restoring vegetation on barren or degraded land.

🔎 Best for: Carbon sequestration, long-term climate impact, and biodiversity restoration
ARR projects require significant investment and time, but they deliver high carbon removal potential.

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🌳 2. Forest Conservation (Avoided Deforestation)

These projects protect existing forests from deforestation or degradation. Forests naturally store vast amounts of carbon, and preserving them prevents additional emissions.

• Avoided Planned Deforestation: Preventing legally permitted logging or land clearing.

• Avoided Unplanned Deforestation: Preventing illegal or community-driven deforestation, often involving community engagement and sustainable land use alternatives.

🔎 Best for: Rapid emission reductions and protecting biodiversity

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🌲 3. IFM (Improved Forest Management)

IFM projects enhance carbon storage through better forest management practices in existing forests.

Examples of IFM methods:

• Delaying harvesting to allow trees to grow larger

• Enrichment planting of high-carbon species

• Switching from production to conservation

• Applying reduced-impact logging techniques

• Preventing degradation compared to business-as-usual scenarios

🔎 Best for: Forests with active timber production, medium-term carbon gain, and sustainable yield

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✅ Ready to Start Your Forest Carbon Project?

Visit our AtmosCheck to assess your project potential and take the first step toward verified carbon credits.

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References:

Carbon Credit Quality Initiative. (2024a). Avoided Planned Deforestation. In Carbon Credit Quality. https://carboncreditquality.org/download/Factsheets/EN/Avoided Planned Deforestation.pdf

Carbon Credit Quality Initiative. (2024b). Avoided Unplanned Deforestation. In Carbon Credit Quality. https://carboncreditquality.org/download/Factsheets/EN/Avoided Unplanned Deforestation.pdf

Carbon Credit Quality Initiative. (2024c). Improved Forest Management. In Carbon Credit Quality. https://carboncreditquality.org/download/Factsheets/EN/Improved Forest Management.pdf

Ecologi. (n.d.). Verified Afforestation, Reforestation and Revegetation (ARR) projects. Ecologi. https://ecologi.com/projects/afforestation-reforestation-and-revegetation-projects

Food and Agriculture Organization. (n.d.). Silviculture in Natural Forests. https://www.fao.org/sustainable-forest-management/toolbox/modules/silviculture-in-natural-forests/basic-knowledge/en/?type=111

International Tropical Timber Organization. (n.d.). Reduced impact logging. ITTO. https://www.itto.int/sustainable_forest_management/logging/